Maroon Anemone

Actinia bermudensis

The Maroon Anemone, scientifically known as Actinia bermudensis, is recognized by its deep red or maroon hue. It secures itself to rocky surfaces with a pedal disc that can grow up to 4 centimeters wide. Its body, or column, is narrower at the top and can extend up to 5 centimeters in height. The top of the column features a ring of bulges called acrorhagi, which contain stinging cells. The oral disc has a central mouth surrounded by two irregular rings of 96 to 140 short, retractable tentacles, also equipped with stinging cells. This anemone is found in the West Indies, Bermuda, northern Florida, Greece, the Caribbean pool, West Atlantica, and there is an isolated population off Brazil. It thrives in intertidal and sublittoral zones, often residing at the base of rock walls, beneath overhangs, within caves, and under boulders. As an omnivore, the Maroon Anemone primarily feeds on small marine creatures such as gastropods, isopods, and small bivalves, but it can also consume other invertebrates and algae. Reproduction occurs through both asexual and sexual means. Asexual reproduction involves splitting in half to produce genetically identical offspring, while sexual reproduction involves internal fertilization, with juveniles being nurtured within the parent until they are ready to be released. The species can also reproduce through a form of parthenogenesis. Divers encountering the Maroon Anemone may notice its territorial nature, as it uses its acrorhagi to deter other anemones from encroaching on its space. The conservation status of this species has not been evaluated.