Australophyllia wilsoni

Australophyllia wilsoni is a type of coral belonging to the family Lobophylliidae. It is typically found in subtropical to temperate regions, specifically from the Eastern Indian Ocean to the Southwest Pacific. This coral thrives in subtidal rocky foreshores, where it remains sessile. Divers can encounter it at depths ranging from the surface down to 30 meters, though most records show it at depths shallower than 20 meters. Its morphology is characterized by a massive or submassive and flattened formation, with irregularly shaped valleys. The polyps are fleshy and feature a groove along the top of the valley walls. Coloration can vary, often appearing mottled with hues of green, gray, purple, or brown, and the valley walls and floors may present contrasting colors. Australophyllia wilsoni reproduces through a process typical of the Anthozoa class, where gametes are shed into the coelenteron and then spawned through the mouth. The resulting zygote develops into a planktonic planula larva, which undergoes metamorphosis, forming tentacles, septa, and a pharynx before settling on the aboral end. This coral is listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List. For divers, encountering Australophyllia wilsoni can be an intriguing experience due to its unique appearance and the ecosystems it inhabits. However, it is crucial to maintain a respectful distance to avoid disturbing its natural habitat. As a sessile organism, it remains fixed in place, making it easier to observe without causing harm.