Oneblotch Grouper

Epinephelus melanostigma

The Oneblotch Grouper, known scientifically as Epinephelus melanostigma, is a reef-associated fish found in the tropical waters of the Indo-West Pacific. Divers can encounter this species from Natal, South Africa, to the central Pacific, but it is absent from the Red Sea and Persian Gulf. It inhabits outer reef flats and shallow lagoons, typically at depths ranging from the surface to 30 meters. The Oneblotch Grouper is characterized by a single large black blotch along the middle of its dorsal fin base, which can be turned off, and its body is adorned with numerous close-set polygon-shaped dark brown spots. The fish has a fusiform body shape with a rounded caudal fin and short pelvic fins. This grouper species is solitary and not known for forming schools. Due to its small size and apparent rarity, it holds little commercial importance. The Oneblotch Grouper can grow up to 54.9 cm in length and weigh as much as 3.8 kg. For divers, an encounter with the Oneblotch Grouper is a unique experience, given its solitary nature and distinctive appearance. The species is currently listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List.