Indian Longnose Parrotfish

Hipposcarus harid

The Indian Longnose Parrotfish is a marine ray-finned fish associated with coral reefs and reef flats in the western Indian Ocean, including the Red Sea, Mozambique Channel, Madagascar, Seychelles, and extending east to Sri Lanka, Maldives, and the Chagos Islands. It inhabits coastal regions and is typically found at depths ranging from 1 to 25 meters. This species can reach a maximum length of 75 cm, with a more common length around 35 cm. This parrotfish feeds primarily on benthic algae. It exhibits a protogynous hermaphroditic life cycle, where individuals start as females or primary males and can transform into secondary males. During breeding, they form distinct pairs. The species is known for forming harems consisting of one terminal phase male and several initial phase individuals, and they may also form large schools for foraging. Divers encountering the Indian Longnose Parrotfish may observe its schooling behavior and algae-grazing activities. It is considered harmless to humans and is caught using nets and artisanal gear, mainly for fresh markets. The IUCN lists this species as Least Concern.