Madracis pharensis

Madracis pharensis is a coral species within the family Pocilloporidae, commonly found in tropical and subtropical regions. It inhabits the Eastern Pacific, Atlantic Ocean, and the Mediterranean Sea. This coral is typically found in reef-associated environments, ranging from deep waters to shallower infra- and circalittoral zones. The colonies can be encrusting or nodular in form, and their coloration varies from red, pink, grey, to green. This variation in color is partly influenced by the presence or absence of zooxanthellae, with American coast populations generally being zooxanthellate, while those in the Mediterranean are often azooxanthellate. Divers may encounter Madracis pharensis at various depths, with 59% of occurrences recorded at depths shallower than 40 meters, and 90% shallower than about 410 meters. The species is sessile and colonial, forming part of the reef structure. As a member of the class Anthozoa, it exhibits either gonochoric or hermaphroditic reproductive strategies. Mature gametes are released into the coelenteron and then spawned through the mouth. The life cycle includes a planktonic planula larva stage, which eventually settles and undergoes metamorphosis. The conservation status of Madracis pharensis is listed as Least Concern according to the IUCN Red List. Divers exploring suitable habitats may have the opportunity to observe this coral, contributing to its ecological understanding and conservation.