Spreading Rice Coral

Montipora patula

Montipora patula, known as the Spreading Rice Coral, is a coral species endemic to the Hawaiian Islands. Divers can identify this coral by its small, encrusting colonies or tiered plates that are typically brownish with lighter borders. The plates can grow to over 2 meters across and have free edges. The corallites, which are small and irregular in height, are surrounded by tan papillae, while the polyps are usually purple in color. This species is found in shallow reef environments, particularly along reef flats. It thrives in tropical waters within the Eastern Central Pacific, specifically between latitudes 23°N and 18°N, and longitudes 161°W and 154°W. Most occurrences are recorded at depths shallower than 50 meters, with a significant number found at depths less than 40 meters. Montipora patula is classified as Critically Endangered according to the IUCN Red List. Its reproduction involves the shedding of mature gametes into the coelenteron, which are then spawned through the mouth. The resulting zygote develops into a planktonic planula larva before settling. Encounters with this coral during dives offer a glimpse into its unique structure and color variations, contributing to the biodiversity of Hawaiian reefs.