Chocolate Mahseer
Neolissochilus hexagonolepis
The chocolate mahseer (Neolissochilus hexagonolepis) is a freshwater cyprinid in the family Cyprinidae. Adults can reach up to 120 cm and 11 kg with a deep, robust body covered with distinctive large hexagonal scales that give the species its scientific name. Coloration is chocolate-brown to olive above with golden to silvery flanks. This species inhabits fast-flowing hill streams and rivers at depths of 0-10 meters across northeastern India, Nepal, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Indonesia, and China. Chocolate mahseer are omnivorous, feeding on algae, aquatic insects, and small invertebrates. They prefer well-oxygenated rivers with boulder-strewn substrates and moderate to fast current. Listed as Near Threatened due to overfishing, habitat degradation, and dam construction. In northeastern India, they are an important food fish and are increasingly the focus of aquaculture development. Their large, distinctively shaped scales and chocolate coloration make them immediately recognizable.
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