Neopetrosia proxima

Neopetrosia proxima is a marine sponge inhabiting the tropical and subtropical regions of the western Atlantic Ocean. It displays a range of colors from brown to maroon on the outside, while the inside is light tan. This sponge forms thick, spreading masses that often grow on coral rubble. Its surface, although smooth in appearance, feels like fine sandpaper upon touch. The sponge is tough and difficult to tear, with a sticky texture when damaged. The sponge's structure includes lobes that are typically between 3 to 5 cm in height, each featuring an opening called an oscule. These oscules can be either level with the surface or slightly raised. Neopetrosia proxima is known for hosting symbiotic organisms such as cyanobacteria and snapping shrimp, which inhabit its canals. This symbiotic relationship is a key aspect of its ecological role. Divers may encounter Neopetrosia proxima in various habitats, including coral reefs, rubble, seagrass beds, and mangroves. It is commonly found at depths ranging from 53 to 60 meters. The species has not been evaluated for conservation status, and no specific threats to humans are noted.