Egyptian Sole

Solea aegyptiaca

Solea aegyptiaca, commonly known as the Egyptian sole, is a flatfish species found primarily in the Mediterranean Sea and is now extending its range into the Red Sea. This species is characterized by its oval body shape, with the upper side being brownish-grey and the underside white. Notably, the pectoral fin on the eyed side features a distinctive black blotch. It can grow up to 65 cm in length, although individuals are often smaller, averaging around 25 cm. Divers may encounter this species on sandy or muddy seabeds, where it often partially buries itself in the substrate. The Egyptian sole inhabits coastal and littoral waters, thriving in depths ranging from 1 to 100 meters, although it is most commonly found at depths shallower than 60 meters. Its distribution spans from Tunisia to Egypt, including the Suez Canal and the southern Adriatic Sea. This species is a benthic feeder, consuming a diet of benthic invertebrates such as cnidarians, polychaete worms, and bivalves. Reproduction occurs mainly in the southern Mediterranean during late autumn and winter, with females spawning between January and June. Females are typically larger than males and can produce up to 38,000 eggs. The Egyptian sole is currently classified as Least Concern by the IUCN. For divers, spotting this species involves looking for its camouflaged body against the seabed.