Ocellated Wrasse

Symphodus ocellatus

The Ocellated Wrasse is a small, colorful fish found in the eastern Atlantic, the Mediterranean Sea, the Black Sea, and the Sea of Azov. Typically inhabiting rocky areas and seagrass beds, they are most commonly found at depths ranging from 1 to 30 meters. This species can grow up to 18.5 cm in total length, with males generally growing faster than females. These wrasses feed on a variety of marine invertebrates, including bryozoans, hydroids, worms, shrimps, amphipods, and mollusks. The species exhibits interesting breeding behaviors with three distinct male forms: nesting males, sneaker males, and satellite males. Nesting males are the largest and most colorful, building and guarding nests made of algae, while sneaker males are smaller and duller, attempting to fertilize eggs during spawning. Satellite males, intermediate in size, assist in courting but do not provide parental care. Divers encountering the Ocellated Wrasse may observe their active swimming and territorial behaviors, especially during the breeding season from May to June. The species is currently listed as Least Concern by the IUCN, and it is also present in the aquarium trade, reflecting its adaptability and resilience in various environments.